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This is the first report of the utilization of TiNb2 O7 as an insertion-type anode in a lithium-ion hybrid electrochemical capacitor (Li-HEC) along with an activated carbon (AC) counter electrode derived from a coconut shell.coconut shell activated carbon supplier A simple and scalable electrospinning technique is adopted to prepare one-dimensional TiNb2 O7 nanofibers that can be characterized by XRD with Rietveld refinement, SEM, and TEM. The lithium insertion properties of such electrospun TiNb2 O7 are evaluated in the half-cell configuration (Li/TiNb2 O7 ) and it is found that the reversible intercalation of lithium (≈3.45 mol) is feasible with good capacity retention characteristics. The Li-HEC is constructed with an optimized mass loading based on the electrochemical performance of both the TiNb2 O7 anode and AC counter electrode in nonaqueous media. carbon pellets bulkThe Li-HEC delivers very high energy and power densities of approximately 43 Wh kg(-1) and 3 kW kg(-1) , respectively. Furthermore, the AC/TiNb2 O7 Li-HEC delivers a good cyclability of 3000 cycles with about 84% of the initial value.

High efficiency lignin-grafted cationic polyacrylamide (L-CPA) flocculantpolyacrylamide price was synthesized via “grafting to” method using acrylamide (AM), methylacryloyloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) and enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL) as raw materials. The linear pre-polymer of cationic polyacrylamide (CPA) terminated with chlorine was first synthesized and then grafted onto EHL via reactions of chlorine with phenolic hydroxyl groups in lignin molecules. The synthesized L-CPA could self-assemble into octopus-like nanospheres with CPA segments dissolved in water and hydrophobic lignin skeletons concentrated in the core, which endowed the L-CPA with excellent flocculation efficiency for kaolin suspension under faintly acid, neutral or alkalescent conditions (pH = 5–9). Only a small dosage between 4.0–4.5 mg/L of L-CPA was needed for flocculation of the kaolin suspension.anionic polyacrylamide flocculant The charge neutralization and bridging effect was proposed for the flocculation mechanism of the lignin-grafted cationic polyacrylamide. The octopus-like L-CPA was cheap, environmentally friendly and technically feasible, showing a great prospect in wastewater treatment.

In this study, we investigated the performance of powdered activated carbon dynamic membranes[url=https://www.yrdcarbon.com/products/activated-carbon/powdered-activated-carbon.html]carbon powder[/url](PAC DMs) in fouling mitigation strategies during cross-flow microfiltration for high-efficiency seawater pretreatment. By altering the fouling mechanism and water molecule pathway, PAC DMs successfully enhanced the pseudo-steady-state filtration flux and rejection of cross-flow microfiltration by 53% and 29%, respectively, compared to filtration without a PAC DM. [url=https://www.yrdcarbon.com/products/]activated carbon suppliers in uae[/url]Moreover, Fenton oxidation processes (FOPs) application in the DMs’ cross-flow cleaning was studied and showed promising results, recovering up to 28% of the initial filtration flux when used alone and 52% when combined with alkaline cleaning. This study provides insight into the utilization FOPs cleaning technology for PAC DMs cross-flow cleaning, allowing the automation and optimization of DMs operation.

[url=https://www.coconutactivatedcarbon.com/]coconut shell activated carbon pellets[/url]Activated carbons of various origins (bituminous coal, wood, coconut shells, and peat) were studied as adsorbents of hydrogen sulfide. Before the experiments the surface of the adsorbents was characterized by using the sorption of nitrogen, Boehm and potentiometric titrations, thermal analysis, and FTIR. The adsorbents were chosen to differ in their surface areas, pore volumes, and surface acidities. To broaden the spectrum of surface acidity, carbons were oxidized by using nitric acid and ammonium persulfate. After hydrogen sulfide adsorption the species present on the surface were analyzed using thermal analysis, ion chromatography, and elemental analysis. The H(2)S breakthrough capacity tests showed that the performances of different carbons differ significantly. For a good performance of carbons as hydrogen sulfide adsorbents a proper combination of surface chemistry of carbon and porosity is needed. It was demonstrated that a more acidic environment promotes the formation of sulfur oxides and sulfuric acid despite yielding small H(2)S removal capacities. On the other hand, a basic environment favors the formation of elemental sulfur (sulfur radicals) and yields high capacities. The presence of a sufficient amount of water preadsorbed on the carbon surface to facilitate dissociation also plays an important role in the process of H(2)S adsorption/oxidation. The results showed that there is a critical value in carbon surface acidity, which when exceeded results in a negligible hydrogen sulfide breakthrough capacity. This is consistent with the mechanism of H(2)S adsorption on unmodified carbons, where the rate-limiting step is the reaction of adsorbed hydrogen sulfide ion with dissociatively adsorbed oxygen. When the acidity is expressed as pH, its value should be higher than 5 to ensure the effective removal of hydrogen sulfide from the gas phase. Study of carbon regeneration using water washing and heat treatment showed that the adsorbents can be regenerated to about 40% of their initial capacity.
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[url=https://www.wyactivatedcarbon.com/]activated charcoal factory[/url]Series of low cost activated carbon (AC) were successfully synthesized from chemical activation of mango kernel (MK) via three chemical activators; ZnCl2, H3PO4 and KOH at 1:1 impregnation ratio of MK: Activator, activation temperature of 500 °C and impregnation time of 30 min. The resultant ACs were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), CHNS/O analyzer, Na2S2O3 volumetric method and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). FTIR analysis of MK verified the presence of many functional groups resembling the lignocellulosic material and the absence of certain functional groups in the synthesized ACs indicated the removal of volatile compounds during the activation process. CHNS/O analysis confirmed the increase in Carbon % for all the prepared ACs. For example: 57.15 %, 53.63 %, 72.19 % for ZnCl2-AC, H3PO4-AC and KOH-AC respectively, compared to the raw MK which registered only 43.18 %. Iodine Number (IN) was found to increase in a trend as; ZnCl2-AC (1453.97 mgg-1) > H3PO4-AC (1299.30 mgg-1) > KOH-AC (1209.08 mgg-1). However, the yield percentage was maximum for H3PO4-AC (47.3 %) followed by ZnCl2-AC (45.7 %) and KOH-AC (8.4 %). In addition, no pores were observed for raw MK through the SEM analysis. However, SEM studies showed well-formation of porous structure for the synthesized ACs which suggested the role of activating agents during carbonization. This study proves the successful conversion of waste biomass into high quality ACs and to conclude, ZnCl2 was chosen as the most suitable activator to synthesize AC from MK due to its enhanced textural characteristics and moderate yield percentage compared to other activators.
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Phosphoric acid impregnated activated carbonactivated charcoal factory from date pits (DPAC) was prepared through single step activation. Prepared DPAC was studied for its structural, elemental, chemical, surface and crystal nature. Adsorption ability of the DPAC was assessed through divalent lead ions separation studies. Effect of adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH, operating temperature and initial feed concentration on lead removal by DPAC was studied. Maximum Pb(II) adsorption capacity of 101.35 mg/g was attained for a contact time of 30 min and pH of 6 at 30°C. Increase in initial feed concentration enhanced the adsorption ability of DPAC and the rise in adsorbent dosage resulted in improved Pb(II) removal efficiency. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the lead adsorption on DPAC was exothermic and instantaneous in nature. Kinetic and equilibrium studies confirmed the suitability of pseudo-second order and Langmuir isotherm for divalent lead ions binding on DPAC. Reusability studies showed that HCl was the effective regeneration medium and the DPAC could be reused for a maximum of 4 times with slight reduction in Pb(II) removal efficiency (<10%).activated carbon pellets canada  Results indicated the promising use of date pits biomass as a low cost and efficient starting material to prepare activated carbon for divalent lead ions removal.

Background : The giant trevally, Caranx ignobilis, is a commercially important marine fish in Indonesia. This species was initially cultured in Aceh Province. Previous reports showed that charcoal has a positive effect on survival and feed utilization of the giant trevally. However, the effects of adding charcoal to the diet on gut and intestine biometrics has, to our knowledge, never been described. Methods : Four activated charcoal sources were tested in this study using a completely randomized experimental design; coconut shell activated carbon pellets coconut shell charcoal, mangrove wood charcoal, rice husk charcoal, and kernel palm shell charcoal. All treatments were performed with four replications. Juvenile giant trevally (average body weight, 16.52 ± 3.12 g; and average total length, 10.26 ± 0.64 cm) were stocked into the experimental tank at a density of 15 fish per tank. The fish were fed an experimental diet twice daily at 7 AM and 5 PM ad satiation for 42 days. Results : Analysis of variance showed that adding charcoal to the diet had significant effects on the length and width of the foveola gastrica and villous intestine (P < 0.05). The greatest length and width of the foveola gastrica was recorded in fish fed an experimental diet of rice husk charcoal with average values of 311.811 ± 9.869 µm and 241.786 ± 10.394 µm, respectively. The greatest length of intestinal villous was found in fish fed the mangrove wood charcoal diet, with a value of 135.012 ± 5.147 µm, but this length was not significantly different to that in fish fed rice charcoal and kernel palm shell charcoal. However, the greatest width of intestinal villous was recorded in fish fed the control diet (without charcoal; P < 0.05).activated carbon pellets Conclusion: The optimal sizes of the foveola gastrica and villous intestine were found in fish fed an experimental diet with rice husk charcoal.

The presence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in wastewater effluents is recognized as the main factor limiting the adsorption of organic micropollutants (OMPs) onto activated carbonactivated carbon suppliers in uae. The degree of the negative effect that DOM, depending on its quality, exerts on OMPs adsorption is still unclear. The influence of the interactions between DOM and OMPs on their removal is also not fully understood. Adsorption isotherms and conventional batch tests were performed in ultra-pure water and in wastewater effluent to study the influence of DOM on the adsorption of 12 OMPs onto powdered activated carbon. Best fit of adsorption pseudo-isotherms was obtained with the Freundlich equation and showed, as expected, that OMPs adsorption was higher in ultra-pure water than in wastewater effluent due to the presence of DOM leading to pore blockage and competition for adsorption sites. LC-OCD analysis revealed that biopolymers and hydrophobic molecules were the most adsorbed fractions while humic acids were not removed after a contact time of either 30 min or 72 h. The presence of DOM had a negative impact on the removal of all OMPs after 30 min of adsorption, but similar removals to ultra-pure water were obtained for 6 OMPs after 72 h of adsorption. This demonstrated that competition between DOM and OMPs for adsorption sites was not a major mechanism as compared to pore blockage, which only slowed down the adsorption and did not prevent it. The charge of OMPs had a clear impact: the adsorption of negatively charged compounds was reduced in the presence of wastewater effluent due to repulsive electrostatic interactions with the adsorbed DOM and the PACcarbon powder surface. On the other hand, the removal of positively charged compounds was improved. A 24 h pre-equilibrium between OMPs and DOM improved their removal onto PAC, which suggest that OMPs and DOM interacted in solution which decreased the negative effects caused by the presence of DOM, e.g. through co-adsorption of an OMP-DOM complex.

In this study, the combination of sulfuric acid treatment and thermal regeneration of spent powdered activated carbon (SPAC) yongruida carbon powdersaturated with color impurities and pigments was analyzed. The purposes of this work was to investigate effect of regeneration temperature on spent powdered activated carbons pretreated by H2SO4 solution (SPAC-H2SO4), and characterize porosity structure and property of regenerated samples by TG, BET, and FTIR methods in order to infer regeneration mechanism. The results showed that sintering rate of SPAC-H2SO4 was higher than that of SPAC at any temperature, indicating that H2SO4 pretreatment made SPAC more conducive to pyrolysis. Regeneration temperature had a noticeable effect on the regenerated yield. The optimal regeneration effect was obtained at 600 °C for SPAC-H2SO4. The iodine value, MB value, and SBET of SPAC-H2SO4-600 were 1294.69 mg/g, 13.97 mL/0.1 g, and 1839.09 m2/g, respectively, which accounted for 99%, 93%, and 87% of fresh PAC, respectively. The adsorption rate of SPAC-H2SO4-600 and virgin PAC for methylene blue (MB) solution both followed well pseudo-second-order kinetics. activated carbon manufacturers in canada These results indicated that combination of sulfuric acid treatment and thermal regeneration was a promising method for SPAC regeneration.

In this batch study, the adsorption of malathion by using granular activated carbon with different parameters due to the particle size, dosage of carbons, as well as the initial concentration of malathion was investigated. Batch tests were carried out to determine the potential and the effectiveness of granular activated carbon (GAC) in removal of pesticide in agricultural run off. The granular activated carbon; coconut shellcoconut activated charcoal bulk  and palm shells were used and analyzed as the adsorbent material. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms models were applied to describe the characteristics of adsorption behavior. Equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir model and Freundlich model with maximum adsorption capacity of 909.1mg/g. The results indicate that the GAC could be used to effectively adsorb pesticide (malathion) from agricultural runoff.www.activated-carbon-pellets.com